Third, lipid classes were also affected in PD and iPD lipid rafts (Table 4). Thus, PE was found to be significantly increased (12%) in PD lipid rafts (but not in iPD), whereas PS and PI levels were increased by 36% in iPD (but not in PD) compared with control cases (Table 4). Conversely, the amounts of cerebrosides and sulfatides were dramatically reduced by 30% and 51%, respectively, in iPD (but not in PD). In addition, clear trends were also observed for the reduction in sphingomyelin and the increase in PC in PD and iPD frontal cortex lipid rafts, although in these cases, changes were not statistically significant. In view of these findings, the alteration of lipid classes from lipid rafts was considerably more pronounced in iPD than in PD. As a consequence of the alterations in the contents of PE, PC and PS, the proportion of phospholipids to cholesterol in the lipid rafts from frontal cortex of PD and iPD brains appeared increased when compared with control subjects (Table 4), indicating a net reduction in the proportion of cholesterol in membrane rafts.
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